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What is Ethanol?
Ethanol (C₂H₅OH) is a renewable biofuel and one of the most widely used alcohols in the world. It is a clear, colourless, and biodegradable liquid with a mild characteristic odor. Chemically, ethanol belongs to the alcohol family and is composed of two carbon atoms, six hydrogen atoms, and one hydroxyl group (–OH). Its structure can be represented as: CH₃–CH₂–OH.
Ethanol is miscible with water and serves as an excellent blending component for fuels, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving combustion efficiency. Beyond its role as a biofuel, ethanol is also used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, beverages, and as a versatile industrial solvent. In the energy sector, grain-based ethanol production is gaining momentum, as it not only reduces dependency on fossil fuels but also strengthens rural economies by creating value for agricultural produce.